Sectional boiler



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. J. GAIN. SEGTIONAL BOILER.

No. 561,2574l Patepted June 2 1896.

ATTORNEY l(No Model.) 4 sheets-sheet 2.

J. J. GAIN. sEGTIoNAL BoILBR. No. 561,257. Patentd June 2, 1896.

ANDREW EGMHAM. PMoTqvumawAsHlimN D c 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.) Y A J. J. GAIN.

SECTIONAL BOILER. No. 561,257. Patented June 2, 1896.

iz O

WlTNESSlS: /VM l/IVETOH ATTORNEY EN@ Madel.)A v4 sheets-sheet 4.'

J. J.. GAIN.

SEGTIONAL BOILBR.

No. 561,257.` Patented June.2,r1896.

f I i f I WITNESSES:

ATTOR N EY ANDREW E GRAHAM.FHDTD-LUHQWASNINGTUN Dc VUNrnn STATES PATENTOFFICE.,

JOHN J. GAIN, OF BAYONNE, NEV JERSEY.

SECTIONAL BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 561,257, dated June 2,1896.

Application filed December 11, 1895. Serial No. 571,727. (No medal.)

T0 all whom, t may concern:

Beit known that l, JOHN J. GAIN, a citizen of the United States, and aresident of Bayonne,county of Hiiclson,State of New Jersey, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Sectional Boilers, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to sectional tubular boilers, and embodies suchilnprovementsin the construction and arrangements of the various partsthat for a given area or space occupied by the boiler a maximumheating-surface and resulting useful effect a're provided; that anysection or series of tubes may be closed or cut off from the circulatingsystem, thereby permitting repairs being made or the renewal of injuredor destroyed tubes without necessitating the complete discharge of thewater from the boiler or the delay for the boiler to cool, the sectionneeding repair being the only part of the boiler from which the waterneeds be discharged, thus imparting a valuable feature to this class ofboilers, particularly when such are used for marine purposes; that afull and complete water circulation is insured in and throughout thewater-tubes and their connecting parts; that all parts of the structureperform functions toward the general effectiveness or steam-producingcapacity of the boiler, and that dry steam is delivered by the boiler.

In general my improved boiler consists of vertical boxes or water-legs,horizontal headers, preferably rectangular in cross-section, secured toand connecting together the vertical boxes at the front of the boilerand the vertical boxes at the rear of the boiler, said headers beingangularly arranged, so that the inner face of each of the front headersis opposite and parallel to the inner face of a rear header-that is, ina lower plane-and tubes connected to the pairs of headers through theirparallel faces,.and thus being longitudinally arranged with their frontends higher than their rear ends, each pair of headers with their seriesof connecting-tubes constituting a section of the boiler; valve devicesattached to the vertical boxes at the sides of the boiler and inalinement with the ends of the horizontal headers or theirconnectingnipples and adapted to be seated against said nipples and thusprovide for the closing of the ends of the headers of any section, whichmay then be emptied by means of a petcock or valve in the lower rearheader without disturbing the water in the other parts of the boiler;and drums at the upper part of the' boiler, longitudinally arranged,supported by and connected at their under sides to the upper ends of thevertical boxes only; said drums being water and steam drums andconnected together by tubes at the water-level. Water is thus suppliedfrom the drums to the front as well as the rear vertical boxes, so thatall headers and pipes connected to the vertical boxes are fully andcontinuously supplied with water and the discharge of water therefromrendered practically impossible.

Saddles or support-pieces of peculiar construction are provided toconnect the vertical boxes to the drums, the same being formed to fitthe drums, and are secured thereto by rivets and provided with socketsthat iit snugly over the upper ends of the verticalboxes, said boxesbeing preferably rectangular and are rigidly connected to thesupport-pieces by rivets passed through their sides and the sockets,thus providing very strong and rigid connections and supports for thedrums and at the same time providing passage-ways between the drums andthe vertical boxes equal in area to the cross-sections of the verticalboxes, so that :no obstruction is offered to the movement of the waterand steam.

Horizontal boxes or pipes are arranged between and connected to thefront and rear vertical boxes, thus constituting the -side walls of theboiler, said boxes being set inwardly beyond the inner faces of thevertical boxes, so as to reduce as much as possible the spaces at thesides of the longitudinal water-tubes.

Horizontal transversely-arranged tubes occupy the space between theinclined longitudinal tubes and the drums and connect the upper sidehorizontal boxes together, thus addingconsiderabl y to theheating-surface of the boiler and retarding the passage of the Vheatedgases from the furnace through the boiler, and dry pipes are located inthe steampipes extending from the tops of the drums, said dry pipesbeing closed at one end and perforated and having flanges at their otherends adapted to be clamped between the IOO iianges of the steam-pipesfrom the drums and the iianges of a central connection or T-piece. Todescribe these and other features more particularly, I will refer to theaceompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a part front elevation andpart vertical section of my improved boiler, the said sectional partbeing taken on the irregular line l l, Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a verticallongitudinal sectional view taken on the line 2 2, Fig. l. Fig. E3 is asectional view, on an enlarged scale, of one of the saddles orsupportpieces which connect the drums to the vertical boxes. Fig. 4 is aside view of the saine. Fig. 5 is an underneath view of the saine. Fig.(S is a horizontal section of the feed-opening of the furnace, alsoshowing one form of valve for closing the ends of the headers. Fig. 74is a longitudinal section of the preferred form of valve for closing theends of the headers. Fig. 8 is an end view of the same. Fig. 9 is asectional view of the same, taken on the line 9 9, Fig. 7. Fig. 10 is asectional view of a modified form of valve; and Fig. 1l is a frontelevation of a double boiler, illustrating my improvement-s appliedthereto.

In Fig. l are shown. four vertical boxes or water-legs a d e a", 011e ateach corner ofthe boiler, said boxes being preferably rectangular incross-section and provided with holes and openings for the connectionthereto of the other parts of the boiler, as hereinafter described.

Horizontal headers Z1 Z) are arranged between and connected to the frontvertical boxes a d. Similar headers b' b are arranged between andconnected to the rear vertical boxes a' c, and side boxes or pipes c care horizontally arranged between and connected to the vertical boxes aa and a a. All of the headers Z) b and boxes c c are preferably madesquare or rectangular in cross-section, and all the connections with thevertical boxes are made by means ot nipples, expanded in place in awell-known manner through openings formed in the outer walls of thevertical boxes, which openings are closed by caps or plates, as shown atc' c. The boxes c c are located so that their inner sides extend withinthe plane of the inner walls of the boxes a a, the object of which is toreduce as much as possible the space between the tubes d d and the sidewalls.

The headers l) l) are, as shown at Fig. 2, set in angular positions, allof the front headers and an equal number of the lower rear headers beingprovided with holes, in which are expanded the series of tubes cl d, theouter holes in the headers, through which the tubes are manipulated,being closed by means of caps and plugs d' cl in the usual manner. Theangular arrangement of the headers b b' is such that the inner face ofeach front header is opposite and parallel-to the inner face of a backheader, which is located in a lower plane, so that the tubes d cl areinclined downwardly from the front to the rear, as shown. The upper rearboxes b2 b are plain. They connect together the upper parts of thevertical boxes cd a and complete the rear wall of the boiler.

Beneath the tubes d dislocated the furnace, consisting of grate-bars e,supports, and rear wall, of the usual construction.

The feed-opening of the furn ace is provided with a water circulationand is constructed as follows: Two horizontal rectangular boxes f f aresecured to the inner walls of the front vertical boxes a d by means ofnipples, as ordinarily, and the central parts of these boxes ffconstitute the upper and lower boundaries of the feed-opening, thesideboundaries of said opening being formed by the triangulaiboxes f f',connectedinvertiealpositionsbetween the boxes ff, affording freecommunication between them for the circulation of water, said triangularboxes f f being so arranged that the feed-opening inwardly increases inwidth, as shown at Fig. (S, thus atfording better facilities fordistributing the coal over the fire than if the inner vertical walls ofsaid opening were parallel.

To eliminate strains on the various parts of the boiler, due toexpansion and eontraction, it is thought advisable to leave the lowersupporting ends of the vertical boxes a and a. free on the base-supportsg g, and to in eline the bearingsnrfaces, as at g g', saidinclinedbearings being, as shown at Fig. f2, reversely arranged, the eiect ofsaid arrangement being that as the boiler expands longitudinally thelower part of it will descend commensurate about with the increase oi'the vertical expansion, so that upper braces or fastenings used toholdthe upper part of the boiler in position will not be subjected tostrains due to the vert-ical expansion of the boiler. The inclinedbearings g y' are shown provided with antifriction devices. 'lhese arenot essential, but may be advantageous in some eases.

The angular space above the longitudinal tubes d (Z is utilized forheating purposes by locating therein tubes 7L 7L, transversely arrangedand secu red at their ends to the upper side boxes c c.

Above the vertical boxes d a are placed the drums e' t', horizontallyand lon gi tndinally arranged with a connecting-openingbetween a frontand a rear vertical box and each of said drums, said drums beingconnected together by means of the pipes t" t, located at thewater-level oi' said drums, and feed-water is supplied to the boiler atthe drums by means of feed-pipe i3 represent the manholecoverings.

To provide a strong and free passage connection between the drums andthe vertical boxes, l have devised a saddle or supportpiecej. (Clearlyshown in the enlarged views, Figs. 3, 4, and 5.) This support-piece ispreferablya forging and is formed with afilange to conform to thecontour of the drum, a tight IOO IIO

' equal to the full area or cross-section of the vertical box. Besidesbeing stronger than the usual way of making such connections by means ofexpanded nipples, it is much cheaper, as the heading of the tube and theuse of the nipple are avoided'.

To the upper sides of the drums t' c' are secured the elbow-pipes Zo 7o,they being secured at the e`nds of their horizontal parts to the centralconnection or T-piece 7a', and in the horizontal parts of 7c 7.", arelocated the dry pipes 7a2 7a2, closed at one end, and provided at theother end with a lian ge, which is clamped between the flangedconnection 7a and 7c'. These pipes k2 are perforated with a number ofholes, the aggregate area of which equal the areas of the pipes k k.

rllhe means devised for closing or cutting out of the circulation anyone of the sections of tubes without requiring a complete emptying ofthe boiler consist of permanently-attached valve devices Z Z, located inthe vertical boxes opposite the openings or nipple connections of theheaders Z2 b, said valves being normally held away from said nipples,but adapted, when occasion requires, to be seated against the nipplesand so close the openings of the headers of the section needing repairs,the lower header of each section being provided with a petcocl: or plugb3 for the discharge of the water from the sections. The preferred styleof valve adapted for this purpose is shown in detail at Figs. 7, 8, and9, all the parts thereof being attachedto or carried by the caps orcovers m m, used to close the opening in the boxes d ci through whichthe nipple connections are manipulated, said caps or covers being shownsecured in place by means of screw-threads. The cover m has a centralbore provided with a packing-box and gland on', the inner end of thebore being formed into a valve-seat. The valve is double-that is, it hastwo active parts n and n', the main part n being adapted to lit into theseat o, formed in the end of the nipple of the header b, when the headeris to be closed, and the other part n/ formed to fit the seat formed inthe cover m when the valve is in normal position, as shown, therebyinsuring against leakage from these parts of the boiler.

The stem n2 of the valve is bored and screwthreaded from its outer end,and in this stem iits the screw 1J, which is provided with the Collar p'and a squared end for the applicathat the screw is free to rotateWithout having any end play. q is the cap of this bearing, but is notshown in Fig. 7. Now it will be readily seen that when the screw p isrotated the valve fn n will be moved toward or.

from the seat o, according to the direction of rot-ation of the screw,and to prevent the valve from turning with the screw, should thefriction of its stem in the packing-box not be sufficient for thispurpose, I provide a grooved guide r, extending from the gland m', saidgroove extending some distance into the bore of the gland, and a pin 9",projecting from the stem near its end, arranged to lit into the grooveof the guide r.

Any suitable form of valve or closing device for the headers may beused, a modified form being shown at Fig. 6, in which the valvestem n2is plain and provided with a short screw at its outer end, which isscrewed into the gland fm2 of the packing-box when the valve n is nearits seat o by being brought into this position by pressure applied tothe end of its stem, the perfect seating of the valve being thenaccomplished by rotating the valve by its stem. In Fig. 10, which isanother modification, the bore of the cap or cover m is screw-threaded,a corresponding screw-thread being formed on the stem of the valve n,n', the packing-box 'm3 being at the outer end of the bore of the cover,and the outer part of the stem of the plain to iit in and slide throughthe packing-box.

The casing and wall packings of the boiler are omitted from thedrawings.V Any of the common constructions of such parts as now appliedto this class of boilers may be used in conjunction with myimprovements.

While the various improvements in the sectional tubular boilers heredescribed and hereinafter claimed, when combined, coperate to produce aboiler having sterling practical qualities, it will be understood thatone or more of the improved parts maybe readily applied to boilerswithout the other improved parts and the advantages of their structuralfunctions utilized in such other applications.

I claim as my inventionl. In a sectional tubular boiler, the combinationof vertical boxes or chambers, horizontal rectangular headers connectedto and securing together the front vertical boxes, horizontalrectangular headers connected to and securing together the rear verticalboxes, said headers being angularly set so that the inner faces of thefront headers are opposite and parallel to the inner faces of the rearheaders in lower planes, and a series of tubes longitudinally and angularly arranged connected at their ends to each opposite pair ofheaders, each series of'tubes and their connected headers constituting asection of the boiler.

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E2. In a sectional tubular boiler, the combination of vertical boxes orchambers, horizontal rectangular headers connected to and securingtogether the front vertical boxes, 'horizontal rectangular headersconnected to and securing together the rear vertical boxes, said headersbeing angularly set so that the inner faces of the front headers areopposite and parallel to the inner faces of the rear headers in lowerplanes, a series of tubes .longitudinally and angularly arrangedconnected at their ends to each opposite pair of headers, each series oftubes and their connected headers constituting a section of the boiler,and horizontal rectangular boxes or pipes secured to and connectingtogether the front and rear vertical boxes arranged to project withinthe plane of the inner faces of the vertical boxes and constituting theside walls of the boiler.

In a sectional tubular boiler, the combination of vertical boxes orchambers, horizontal rectangular headers connected to and securingtogether the front vertical boxes, horizontal rectangular headersconnected to and securing together the rear vertical boxes, said headersbeing angularly set so that the inner faces of the front headers areopposite and parallel to the inner faces of the rear headers in lowerplanes, a series of tubes longitudinally and angularly arrangedconnected at their ends to each opposite pair of headers, cach series oftubes and their connected headers constituting a section of the boiler,horizontal rectangular boxes or pipes secured to and connecting togetherthe front and rear vertical boxes arranged to project within the planeof the inner faces of the vertical boxes and constituting the side wallsof the boiler, and transverse horizontal tubes located above thelongitudinal tubes and connected to and forming communications betweenthe upper side boxes of the boiler.

l. In a sectional tubular boiler, the combination of vertical boxes orchambers, headers connected thereto and tubes between thc headers, afurnace beneath the tubes, horizontal boxes secured to and formingcommunications between the front vertical boxes and constituting theupper and lowerboundaries of the feed-opening of the furnace, andvertical boxes triangular in cross-section secured to and formingcommunications between the horizontal boxes, constituting the sideboundaries of the feed-opening, and arranged so that the width of saidopening inwardly increases.

5. In a sectional tubular boiler, the combination of vertical boxes orchambers located at the corners thereof, headers connected to the frontvertical boxes, headers connected to the rear vertical boxes, a seriesof tubes longitudinali)T arranged and connected at their ends to eachopposite pair of headers, each series of tubes and their connectedheaders constituting a section of the boiler, and valve mechanismsarranged opposite the main or end openings of the headers and adapted tobe seated therein, whereby any section of the boiler maybe closed andcut out of the circulating system of the boiler.

6. In a sectional tubular boiler, the combination of vertical boxes orchambers, horizontal headers located between them, nipples connectingtogether the vertical boxes and headers, the outer ends of said nipplesbeing formed into valve-seats, tubes connecting together the headers inpairs, and valves attached to the vertical boxes at the sides of theboiler and adapted to be pressed in and seated on the ends of the saidconnecting-nipples, whereby any pair of headers and theirconnecting-tubes, constituting a section of the boiler, may be cut outof the circulating system of the boiler.

7. In a sectional tubular boiler, the combination of vertical boxes orchambers, horizontal headers llocated between them, nipples connectingtogether the vertical boxes and headers, the outer ends of said nipplesbeing formed into valve-seats, tubes connecting together the headers inpairs, hand-holes formed in the vertical boxes at the sides of theboiler opposite the openings of the horizontal headers, caps for closingsaid hand-holes and valves carried by the caps with their stemsextending therethrough and adapted to be pressed into seats on the endsof the nipples connecting the vertical boxes and the headers, wherebyany pair of headers and their connecting-tubes, constituting a sectionof the boiler, may be cut out of the circulating system of the boiler.

S. In a sectional tubular boiler, the combination of vertical boxes o1'chambers, horizontal headers located between them, nipples connectingtogether the vertical boxes and headers, the enter ends of said nipplesbeing formed into valve-seats, tubes conneetin g together the headers inpairs, han d-holes formed in the vertical boxes at the sides oftheboiler opposite the openings of the horizontal headers, caps `forclosing said hand-holes having a central opening with valve-seats formedat the inner ends thereof, and double Valves, the stems of which lit inthe central openin of the caps, said valves being normally held with oneof their parts seated against the caps and adapted to be pressed in tocanse their other parts to be seated against the ends of the nipplesconnecting together the vertical boxes and the headers, whereby any pairof headers and their connecting-tubes, constituting a section of theboiler, may be cut out of the circulating system of the boiler.

9. In a valve for steam-boilers, the combination of the valve having ahollow stem internally screw-threaded, a cap with a packing-box throughwhich the stem of the valve extends, a bridge-piece extending from thecap over the packing-box and a screw-spindle fitting in the hollow stemof the valve and having a bearing in the bridge-piece so as to rotatetherein without longitudinal movement.

10. In a valvefor steam-boilers, the combi- IOO IIO

' of rivets.

nation of the valve having a hollow stem internally screw-threaded, acap with a packing-box through which the stem of the valve extends, abridge-piece extending from the cap over the packing-box, ascrew-spindle iitting in the hollow stem of the valve and having abearing in the bridge-piece, so as to r0- tate therein withoutlongitudinal movement, a grooved guide on the gland of the packingbox,and a pin projecting from the stem of the valve and working in thegrooved guide.

11. In a sectional tubular boiler comprising vertical boxes or chambers,transversely-arranged headers secured thereto, series of tubes securedto and connecting together the headers in pairs, the combinationtherewith of longitudinally-arranged horizontal drums, each drum beingconnected at each of its ends to and having free communication with theupper end of avertical box only, and connecting-tubes between the drumsat the water-level.

12. In a sectional tubular boiler comprising vertical boxes or chambers,transversely-arranged headers secured thereto, series of tubes securedto and connecting together the headers in pairs, the combinationtherewith of longitudinally-arranged horizontal drums, each drum beingconnected at each of its ends to and having free communication with theupper end of a vertical box only, and connecting-tubes between the drumsat the water-level, and supports or saddles forming the connectionsbetween the drums and the vertical boxes said supports having sockets tofit the upper ends of the vertical boxes and formed with flanges to fitthe under sides of the drums, the supports or saddles being secured tothe vertical boxes and to the drums by' means of rivets.

13. In a steam-boiler, the combination of vertical boxes or water-legs,a saddle or supporting-piece for each vertical box formed with a socketat its lower side to fit over the upper end thereof, and having acurvilinear iian ge at the upper side, and horizontal drums,

i tion between the vertical boxes and the drums and being rigidlyconnected to them by means 14:. In asectional tubular boiler comprisin gvertical boxes or chambers, headers secured thereto, series of tubessecured to and connecting together the headers in pairs, horizontaldrums supported by and connected to the vertical boxes, iianged elbowsextending from the upper parts of the drums, a T-piece connected betweenthe horizontal parts of the elbows, and perforated dry pipes extendingin the horizontal parts of the elbows and having iianges clamped betweenthe flanges of the elbows and the T connecting-piece.

15. In a sectional tubular boiler, the combination of vertical boxes orchambers, horizontal rectangular headers connected to and securingtogether the front vertical boxes, horizontal rectangular headersconnected to and securing together the rear vertical boxes, saidVheaders being angularly set so that the inner Vheaders constituting asection of the boiler,

horizontal rectangular boxes or pipes secured to and connecting togetherthe front and rear vertical boxes arranged to project within the planeof the inner faces of the vertical boxes and constituting the side wallsof the boiler, horizontal drums longitudinally arranged supported by andconnected to the upper ends of the vertical boxes, and connectingtubesbetween the drums at the water-level.

16. In a section al tubular boiler, the combination of vertical boxes or chambers, horizontal rectangular headers connected to and securingtogether the front vertical boxes, horizontal rectangular headersconnected to and securing together the rear vertical boxes, said headersbeing angularly set so that the inner faces of the front headers areopposite and parallel to the inner faces of the rear headers in lowerplanes, a series of tubes longitudinally and angularly arrangedconnected at their ends to each opposite' pair of headers, each seriesof tubes and their connected headers constituting a section of theboiler, horizontal rectangular boxes or pipes secured to and connectingtogether the front and rear vertical boxes arranged to project withinthe plane of the inner faces of the vertical boxes and constituting theside walls of the boiler, horizontal drums longitudinally arrangedsupported by and connected to the upper ends of the vertical boxes, andconnecting-tubes between the drums at the water-level, and

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supports or saddles forming the connections Y between the drums and thevertical boxes, having sockets to iit the upper ends of the verticalboxes by which they are secured thereto by rivets and formed withflanges to t the under sides of the drums.

17. In a sectional tubular boiler, the combination of vertical boxes orchambers, horizontal rectangular headers connected to and securingtogether the front vertical boxes, horizontal rectangular headersconnected to and securing together the rear vertical boxes, said headersbeing an gularly set so that the inner faces of the front headers areopposite and parallel to the inner faces of the rear headers in lowerplanes, a series of tubes longitudinally and angularly arrangedconnected vat their ends to each opposite pair of headers, each seriesof tubes and their connected headers constituting a section of theboiler, horizontal rectangular boxes or pipes secured to and connectingtogether the front and rear vertical boxes arranged to project withinthe plane of the inner faces of the vertical boxes and constituting theside walls of the boiler, horizontal drums longitudinally arrangedsupported by and connected to the upper ends of the vertical boxes,connecting-tubes between the drums at the water-level, hanged elbowsextending frein the upper parts of the drums, a T-piece connectedbetween the horizontal parts of the elbows, and perforated dry pipesextending in the horizontal parts of the elbows and having flangesclamped between the flanges of the elbows and the T connecting-piece.

18. In a sectional tubular boiler, the combination of Vertical boxes orchambers, horizontal, rectangular headers connected to and securingtogether the front vertical boxes, horizontal rectangular headersconnected to and securing together the rear vertical boxes, said headersbeing angularly set so that the inner faces of the front headers areopposite and parallel to the inner faces of the rear headers in lowerplanes, a series of tubes longitudinally and angularly arrangedconnected at their ends to each opposite pair of headers, each series oftubes and their connected headers constituting a section of the boiler,a furnace beneath the tubes, horizontal boxes secured to and formingcommunications between the front vertical boxes and constituting theupper and lower boundaries of the feed-opening of the furnace, andVertical boxes triangular in cross-section secured to and formingcommunications between the horizontal boxes, constituting the sideboundarles of the feed-opening, and arranged so that the width of saidopening inwardly inheaders constituting a section of the boiler, a

furnace -beneath the tubes, horizontal boxes secured to and formingcommunications between the front vertical boxes and constituting theupper and lower boundaries of the feed-opening of the furnace, verticalboxes triangular in cross-section secured to and forming communicationsbetween the horizontal boxes, constituting the side boundaries of thefeed-opening, and arranged so that the width of said opening inwardlyincreases,

longitudinallyarranged horizontal drums, each connected at each of itsends to the upper end of one of the vertical boxes, and connecting-tubesbetween the drums at the water-level.

20. In a sectional tubular boiler, the combination of vertical boxes orchambers, horizontal headers connected to the Vertical boxes, tubessecured to and connecting together the horizontal headers in pairs,valves attached to the vertical boxes in positions opposite the openingsof the horizontal headers, longitudinally-arranged horizontal drums eachconnected at each of its ends to the upper end of one of the Verticalboxes, and connectingtubes between the drums at the water-level.

21. In a sectional tubular boiler, the combination of Vertical boxes orchambers, horizontal headers connected to the vertical boxes, tubessecured to and connecting together the horizontal headers in pairs,valves attached to the vertical boxes in positions opposite the openingsof the horizontal headers, a furnace beneath the tubes, horizontal boxessecured to and forming coinnninications between the front Vertical boxesand constituting the upper and lower boundaries of the feed-opening ofthe furnace, vertical boxes triangular in cross-section secured to andforming coniinunications between the horizontal boxes, constituting theside boundaries of the feedopening and arranged so that the width ofsaid opening inwardly increases, longitudinally-arranged horizontaldrums each connected at each of its ends to the upper end of 011e of thevertical boxes, and connectingtubes between the drums at thewater-level.

22. In a steam-boiler, the combination of front and rear vertical boxesor water-legs with their betteln supporting-faces reversely inclined,the water-tubes and main parts ol' the boiler being carried by the saidvertical boxes, and base-pieces on which the vertical boxes restcorrespondingly inclined.

23. In a sectional tubular boiler, the combination of Vertical boxes orchambers, horizontal headers connected to the vertical boxes, tubessecured to and connecting together the horizontal headers n pairs,valves attached to the vertical boxes in positions opposite the openingsof the horizontal headers, and petcoeks or plugs fitted in the rearheaders for l drawing olf the water from the sections of which saidheaders form parts.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed mynaine, in presence of two witnesses, this 10th day of December, 1895.

J Ol-lN J. GAIN. lVitnesses:

ALFRED SHEDLocK, ARTHUR C. BLATZ.

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